Really I don’t know but I remember dealing with a dual vpn years ago with Samsung phones

https://docs.samsungknox.com/dev/knox-sdk/features/mdm-providers/vpn/vpn-chaining/

The loophole in WhatsApp’s end-to-end encryption is simple: The recipient of any WhatsApp message can flag it. Once flagged, the message is copied on the recipient’s device and sent as a separate message to Facebook for review.

That practically applies to every form of digital communication. Sender/recipient has it on their end unencrypted and passes/leaks it on elsewhere

After roe vs Wade and another 4 years of Republicans getting the chance to replace the old Republican appointees and maybe Sotomayor kicking the bucket, I wouldn’t be surprised if the SC did enable some future bans in the next couple of decades